A Criminological Perspective on Suicide In The Jurisdiction of Police Resort, Polewali Mandar

There were 3 cases of suicide in Polewali Mandar Regency throughout 2021 no one is criminally responsible for the suicide. Even though the act of suicide has a motive that causes someone to be compelled to commit suicide. So it is necessary to know what factors caused the act. Suicide in the jurisdiction of Polewali Mandar and What are the efforts of the Polewali Mandar District Police to suppress the increase in suicide cases in the jurisdiction of Polewali Mandar. Polewali Mandar. The results of the study describe the factors of suicide that occurred in the Polewlai Mandar area, namely, firstly, the use of drugs based on a case of hanging himself in the Tinambung market complex. To doubts about self-esteem, as well as giving rise to a feeling that they are not liked, not needed, not understood and not loved by the people around them. This factor occurs in several cases in Polewali mandar. The Polewali Mandar Resort Police did not optimize the task of Bhabinkamtibmas in carrying out their main duties to carry out activities that are directly related to the community in providing education to reduce the increase in suicide cases in Polewali Mandar. The Polewali Mandar police should, after carrying out an investigation and knowing the factors causing the suicide case, should use a series of these factors to make policies that regulate police activities in educating the public and students about problem solving without harming themselves. The Bhabinkamtibmas division to carry out its tupokis in accordance with the Chief of Police Regulation Number 3 of 2015.


INTRODUCTION
Suicide is a conscious and purposeful attempt to end life, the individual consciously desires and strives to carry out his desire to die. Suicide can also be referred to as an intentional act or action to destroy or kill oneself. Suicide attempts are one way a person screams for help to others. someone who makes a suicide attempt has an ambiguous feeling between the desire to live and the desire to die or can be referred to as ambivalence Suicide is defined as death caused by injury, poisoning or suffocation which has evidence of selfinflicted injury and the act was committed to kill oneself. Suicide is an aggression directed at oneself. Failure or disappointment usually generates a drive for aggression that can be channeled to him by committing suicide or in other words suicide is an act of despair because of a feeling of continuous suppressed pain, so that he loses the meaning of his life through suicide. Suicide is always as bad as murder, as the conscious self-defeating behavior by an individual who sees suicide as the best solution to a problem. The mental state of individuals who tend to commit suicide has experienced psychological pain and feelings of frustration that last a long time so that individuals see suicide as the only solution to stop the pain they feel (Bayu D.A., 2018).
Suicidal behavior consists of three types, namely completed suicide, suicide attempt, and suicide ideation. Completed suicide is a suicidal behavior in which an individual commits fatal suicide, causing a quick death (Arief, 2010). Suicide attempt is an individual's behavior to attempt suicide, but not fatal. Individuals who commit suicide attempts still experience a state of ambivalence in which there is no clarity between the will to live and the wish to die (Sugeng, 2017). Suicide ideation or what can be called suicidal ideation is an individual's idea to commit suicide, but this is only a thought and has not been carried out. Suicide is a form of crime contained in Article 344 and Article 345 of the Criminal Code (KUHP) which states that 'if a person encourages, helps or provides assistance/means to a person who is about to commit suicide or whoever who removes the soul of another person at the request of the person himself which he stated clearly and earnestly will be punished with imprisonment for up to 12 years. The dominant act of suicide is psychologically affected because of the feeling of continuous suppressed pain, so that he loses the meaning of his life through suicide (Budi Anna, 2016).
Based on the reported data, it is known that in 2021 in West Sulawesi it is known that six people have died due to suicide, the victims are dominated by teenagers, namely ages 19 -21 years. Specifically, Polewali Mandar Regency is Regency within the administrative area of West Sulawesi. There were three suicide victims in Polewali Mandar Regency. The first case occurred when a man from Dusun Sarampu, Desa Kuajan, Polewali District, Polewali Mandar Regency, committed suicide by hanging himself at the Tinambung Market. In the next suicide case, a woman living in Sumberjo Village, Wonomulyo District, Polewali Mandar Regency, ended her life by drinking grass poison. The same is true of an 18-year-old teenager who hanged himself using an electric cable in Katumbangan Village, Campalagian District. From the explanation above, it can be concluded that no party is criminally responsible for the suicide incident that occurred in Polewali Mandar Regency, even though as is known, suicide has motives that cause someone to be compelled to commit suicide. Based on the cases of suicide that occurred in the jurisdiction of the Resort Police of Polewali Mandar Regency, there have been several cases of suicide, the author is interested in discussing the Criminological Review of Suicides that occurred in the Legal Area of the Resort Police of Polewali Mandar Regency.

METHOD
This study uses a type or type of empirical research using a statutory research approach and a case approach. 5 Both approaches are used to analyze suicides, as well as efforts to suppress the increasing suicide rate and the factors that cause suicide in the Polres Polewali Mandar area. Location of data collection this research was carried out at the Polewali Mandar Resort Police. The data collection technique comes from Primary Data, namely by conducting in-depth interviews and Secondary Data, namely taking several articles from the 1945 Constitution, the Criminal Code (KUHP), the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP).

Factors Causing Suicide in the Legal Area of Polewali Mandar
Suicide is a deliberate and self-inflicted death or a conscious and self-inflicted act of destruction. Suicide is seen as a multidimensional malaise in terms of individual needs, the act is felt as the best solution. Meanwhile, attempted suicide is defined as an act of selfharm that is serious enough to require a medical examination and is carried out with the aim of ending one's life (Sulaeman, 2005). According to both the Indonesian Criminal Code and the 2006 Draft Law of the Republic of Indonesia concerning the Criminal Code. Suicide and those who attempt suicide are not punishable, except that those who assist in committing suicide can be punished and those who commit suicide actually die (Peter, 2017).
The description of each case of suicide taken as material in this study will occur in 2021 in the Legal Area of Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi, as follows In the first case, a male resident of Sarampu Hamlet, Kuajan Village, Polewali District, Polewali Regency, committed suicide by hanging himself in the Tinambung Market complex on February 10 2021. According to the chronology on February 7 2021 the victim left his house in Sarampu Hamlet to his aunt's house on behalf of Hajah Subuh to stay there for a few days in the Tinggas neighborhood. On February 9, 2021 the victim gave permission to his uncle named Hasan to go out to buy cigarettes and since that day the victim never came home, until he was found dead by hanging himself on  Year Identification and motive

2016
The youth with the initials FK came from Jl. Polewali Mandar sandalwood. Hanging himself as a result of ending a relationship with a close friend.

2017
The teenager with the initials AS has his address at Pasar Baru, Jl. prosperity Polewali Mandar committed suicide by hanging himself because the relationship was not approved by his parents 2018 -

2019
Adult with the initials KH, having his address at the village of Karama, Tinambung, Tinambung, Polewali Mandar. Found hanging himself behind the house.
With the results of the investigation the victim committed suicide due to depression over his illness

2020
Adult with the initials SS, having his address at Patulang Hamlet, Ambo Padang Village, Tutar district. Based on the investigation, suicide was caused by depression due to economic conditions. Source: Secondary data Looking at the chronology, the results of the interviews and the data that have been collected in the last few years above by the key informant, namely the Polewali Mandar Police who have conducted an investigation to find out the factors causing the suicide, especially in the 2016 to 2021 cases in Polewali Mandar. It can be described as caused by the following factors: a. Drug use The use of drugs, especially Pil boje, is one of the factors in the occurrence of suicide in Polewali Mandar Regency based on the case of hanging himself in the Tinambung market complex.

b. Family and Environmental Conditions
Most people who have suicidal tendencies face various problems in their families or in their surroundings which lead them to doubt about their self-worth, and cause a feeling that they are not liked, not needed, not understood and not loved by those around them. c. Psychological disorder Psychological disorders can result in dangerous actions. Depression is one of the many psychological disorders that occur as one of the factors for suicide, the feelings they experience are the culmination of all feelings of guilt, anger, meaninglessness and so unwanted. Severe depression is one of the causes of suicide.
Legal protection that has been made by the state against suicide has been regulated in regulations, namely in the Criminal Code (KUHP) Articles 341, 342, 343, 344, and 345. Article 345 reads "Anyone who intentionally induces another person to commit suicide, helps him in the act, or provides the means for him to do so, is threatened with imprisonment for 4 years if that person commits suicide" From this article we can understand that the government of the Republic of Indonesia has taken preventive actions against suicide attempts. This is indicated by the threat of imprisonment of 4 years for those who deliberately persuade others to commit suicide, help others to commit suicide, or provide means of suicide which results in other people dying by suicide. The prison sentence is intended to prevent Indonesian citizens from persuading or cooperating in the case of attempted suicide. If you look at some of the cases above, there are cases where there is a potential that if a more in-depth investigation or investigation is carried out, it will be possible to determine who is responsible or who has intentionally or unintentionally encouraged someone to commit suicide.

Efforts by the Resort Police of Polewali Mandar Regency to suppress the increase in suicide cases in the jurisdiction of Polewali Mandar
Prevention is an effort or method taken to suppress all activities that have an impact on violations and the occurrence of criminal acts. Preventive efforts are usually carried out to parties who are not yet or are prone to a problem, the definition of prevention is Prevention or prevention consists of various approaches, procedures and methods created to improve a person's interpersonal competence and function as individuals, couples, and as parents. In the case of suicide, there are several qualifying stages that must be considered by the authorities, in this case, namely the Polewali Mandar Police, namely: a. Primary prevention An ideal prevention method to fight suicidal ideation and can protect society. Prevention at this stage is very important to do to reduce the emergence of new cases, for example by reducing the risk factors for committing suicide. Effective treatment of psychiatric disorders, especially mood disorders is urgently needed. Modifying social, economic and biological conditions, such as reducing poverty, violence, divorce, and promoting healthy lifestyles can significantly contribute to primary prevention. b. Secondary prevention Referring to early detection and providing appropriate treatment for individuals who have suicidal ideation. The goal of secondary prevention is to reduce the likelihood of suicide attempts in high-risk patients. This series of suicides started with the idea to show gestures, lifestyles that tended to be at risk, plans to commit suicide, attempted suicides, and in the end the suicides were fully implemented. Not all self-destructive actions have to be interpreted as suicidal.
Efforts to deal with crimes that occur can actually be done by anyone, including yourself. Crime prevention efforts can be carried out repressively and preventively. Repressive efforts can be made by means of penal (criminal law). This penal facility is a penal policy whose operations go through several stages, namely formulation, application and execution. 7 Preventive action is an action taken by the police to prevent a crime from occurring in which the Police provide guidance to the public with the aim of becoming obedient citizens. law. Efforts to tackle crime can run well with the support of the government which is supported by the police.
From the results of an interview with Aipda Mayung Arifin, S.H as Ps. Head of Criminal Investigation Unit of the Polman Police, it can be described that the Polewali Mandar Resort Police have not yet made any activities or policies as an effort to overcome the existence of suicide cases that occurred in the Polewali Mandar Resort Police area.
Article 1 number 4 of the Chief of Police Regulation Number 3 of 2015 concerning Community Policing states that what is meant by Bhabinkamtibmas is Polmas developers in villages. So Bhabinkamtibmas is a police officer with the rank of Brigadier Bintara who is specially assigned to a village or sub-district to maintain security and order in the village or sub-district under his supervision and carry out his duties preventively by partnering with the community. Looking at the regulations related to Bhabinkamtibmas, namely the Chief of Police Regulation Number 3 of 2015 concerning Community Policing, it has been clearly described that Bhabinkamtibmas should carry out its main duties continuously by carrying out activities that are directly related to the community as a preventive measure to prevent criminal acts from occurring, assisting problem solving society, and others.

CONCLUSION
Suicides that occurred in the Polewali Mandar area occurred due to several factors, namely, firstly, the use of drugs was a factor in the occurrence of suicides in Polewali Mandar Regency which was based on a case of hanging himself in the Tinambung market complex. The second is family and environmental conditions, such as facing various problems in their family or the environment around them which leads them to doubt about self-esteem, and creates a feeling that they are not liked, not needed, not understood and not loved by those around them. This factor occurs in several case in Polewali Mandar. The three factors of Psychological Disorders Psychological disorders result in dangerous actions. Depression is one of the many psychological disorders that occurs as a factor in suicide, the feelings they experience are the culmination of all feelings of guilt, anger, meaninglessness and unwantedness so that this factor occurs in several cases in Polewali Mandar. The Polewali Mandar Resort Police did not optimize the task of Bhabinkamtibmas in carrying out their main duties to carry out activities directly related to the community in providing education to reduce the increase in suicide cases in Polewali Mandar.